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Avoid sugar and all refined foods.
That is the only take away that fits with the science behind a ketogenic diet.
For a pre-diabetic or diabetic, Your body treats an apple no differently than a milky way bar once it is past the teach and gums.
There are essential fats, and essential proteins. There is no such thing as an essential carbohydrate.
Have you ever seen how lean a lion is? It sleeps most of the day, and can eat a hundred pounds of meat or more per day. Lions do not trim the fat from their kill. They eat nose to tail and everything in between. This is not to say that one should add extra fat to his or her food, i.e. you do not need to melt a pound of butter on your steak or stuff your chicken with sour cream. Eat the meat as nature brings it to your plate.