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A lot of frivolous suits would end if the laws required that the losers in trial had to pay a significant portion of the other side's legal costs.
Currently there is little to discourage a lawyer from taking a case on contingency, speculating that he/she might get a payout from the doctor's malpractice insurer and a cut of that payout. However, if the claim was frivilous, and the lawyer knew he/she and/or their client could end up being the one to have to pay the costs of the other side, then it would encourage the lawyer to be certain that the case was reasonable before beginning it.
Currently there is little to discourage a lawyer from taking a case on contingency, speculating that he/she might get a payout from the doctor's malpractice insurer and a cut of that payout. However, if the claim was frivilous, and the lawyer knew he/she and/or their client could end up being the one to have to pay the costs of the other side, then it would encourage the lawyer to be certain that the case was reasonable before beginning it.