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No, they don't.
MA premiums are not based on income. Everyone gets the same amount of premium subsidy regardless of income. Technically, the insurers get the subsidy and use it to lower premiums for everyone.
I know of many high income earners who own a business and are on ACA subsides. I know many hard working middle class families who are on ACA subsidies. The majority on ACA subsidy receivers are actively contributing to our society and economy.